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How to construct full citations (Chicago)

Displayed below are examples of how to construct full citations in Chicago style for some common categories of source material. When constructing citations, note the spacing, punctuation and italicisation as applied in the formats and examples. To see a selection of these examples displayed as a list ('Bibliography'), see How to list full citations (Chicago).

Formats and examples

Article, hard copy journal

Format

Author, Alan A. "Article Title: Subtitle." Journal Name vol, no. # (Year): #-#.

Example
Shaw, Marilyn. "A Closer Look at Mushroom Poisonings." Laboratory Medicine 27, no. 5 (1996): 323-28.
Article, online journal

Format

Author, Alan A. "Article Title: Subtitle." Journal Name vol, no. # (Year). URL (accessed Month Day, Year).

Example
Gillham, David. "Online Delivery of Nurse Education." Australian Electronic Journal of Nursing Education 8, no. 1 (2002). http://www.scu.edu.au/schools/nhcp/aejne/ (accessed 26 July, 2006).
Article, subscription database

Format

Author, Alan A. "Article Title: Subtitle." Journal vol, no. # (Year): #-#. Via Database Name. URL (accessed Month Day, Year).

Example
Freimer, Gloria R., and Margaret M. Perry. "Student Problems with Documentation." Journal of Academic Librarianship 11, no. 6 (1986): 350-54. Business Source Premier. http://www.epnet.com/ (accessed 2 February, 2005).
Article, print newspaper

Format

Author, Alan A. "Article Title." Newspaper, Month Day, Year, #.

Example
Gawenda, Michael. "A Friend Indeed?" Sydney Morning Herald, July 27, 2006, 15.
Article, online media outlet

Format

"Article Title." Name of Media Outlet, Month Day, Year. URL (accessed Month Day, Year).

Example
"Vaile to Discuss Future as Trade Minister." ABC News Online, July 27, 2006. http://www.abc.net.au/news/newsitems/200607/s1698124.htm (accessed July 30, 2006).
Book, single author

Format

Author, Alan A. Title: Subtitle. Place: Publisher, Year.

Example
Marks, Leo. Between Silk and Cyanide: The Story of SOE's Code War. London: HarperCollins, 1998.
Book, two authors

Format

Author, Alan A., and Bianca B. Author. Title: Subtitle. Place: Publisher, Year.

Example
Harrison, Rita P., and David L. Saw. Country Style: Life in Rural Tennessee. Chicago: Globe, 1971.
Book, three or more authors

Format

Author, Alan A., Bianca B. Author, and Carla C. Author. Title: Subtitle. Place: Publisher, Year.

Example
Worley, Christopher G., David E. Hitchin, and Walter L. Ross. Integrated Strategic Change. New York: Addison-Wesley, 1996.
Book, chapter in an edited collection

Format

Author, Alan A. "Chapter Title." In Book Title, edited by Erica E. Editor, #-#. Place: Publisher, Year.

Example
Dobben, Joanna P. "The Hudson." In Rivers, edited by Gina T. Reed, 3-9. New York: Gull, 2001.
Conference paper published in proceedings

Format

Author, Alan A. "Title of Paper." In Title of Proceedings, #-#. Place: Publisher, Year.

Example
Millward, Christine. "The Growing Up In Australia Study Content." In Proceedings: 8th Australian Institute of Family Studies Conference, Melbourne, 12-14 February 2003, 9-22. Melbourne: Australian Institute of Family Studies, 2003.
DVD or video

Format

Title. Format. Special credits. Year of original release (if relevant); Place: Distribution Company, Year of distribution.

Example
Vertigo. DVD. Directed by Alfred Hitchcock. 1958; Burbank, CA: Universal Home Entertainment, 2003.
No author

Construct citation in the same way as a work with an author, but begin with title. (The examples below are for a book and a newspaper where no author can be established.)

Format

Title of book. Place: Publisher, Year.

Example
Survival Skills. New York: Green Press, 1999.

Format

"Article Title." Newspaper Name, Month Day, Year, #.

Example
"Meddling Claims by Ortega." The Australian, May 13, 2006, 11.
No date

Construct citation in the same way as a work with a known date, but use the abbreviation 'n.d.' (for 'no date') in place of the publication date. (The example below is for a book where no date can be established.)

Format

Author, Alan A. Book Title. Place: Publisher, n.d.

Example
Bakhita, Alfredo. Typefaces in Industry. London: Woollcott, n.d.
Online sites/pages, general

Format

Author, Alan A. Title of Work. Place: Publisher, Year. URL (accessed Month Day, Year).

Examples
Department of Human Services, Victoria. Environmental Policy. Melbourne: DHS, 2006. http://www.dhs.vic.gov.au/operations/html/dis_action.htm (accessed July 27, 2006).
Mogg, Ken. 'The MacGuffin' Web Page. 2006. http://www.labyrinth.net.au/~muffin/ (accessed July 27, 2006).
National Australia Bank Ltd. Rates, Fees and Charges. Melbourne: NAB, 2006. http://www.national.com.au/Business_Solutions/0,,48814,00
.html?ncID=ZBC (accessed August 21, 2006).
Report, hard copy

Format

Agency/Corporation/Government name. Title of Report. Series name and number. Place: Publisher, Year.

Example
Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Australia's Health 2004. AIHW Cat. no. AUS 44. Canberra: AIHW, 2004.
Report, accessed online

Format

Agency/Corporation/Government name. Title of Report. URL (accessed Month Day, Year).

Examples
Australian Bureau of Statistics. Australian Social Trends. Cat. no. 4102.0. 2004. http://www.abs.gov.au/Ausstats/abs@.nsf/
Previousproducts/4102.0Media%20Release22004?opendocument
&tabname=Summary&prodno=4102.0&issue=2004&num=&view (accessed July 20, 2004).
Coles Myer Ltd. Annual Report 2005. 2006. http://www.colesmyer.com/
library/Investors/FinancialReports/2005/annual_report_2005.pdf
(accessed May 11, 2006).